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| Trucks and cars line up at a toll booth on National Highway 5 in Hung Yen Province’s Van Lam District |
This assessment has been made by the ministry’s Public-Private Partnership (PPP) department.
A report prepared by the department says that with Viet Nam still in a fast-growth mode, its infrastructure development demand is significant.
With limited State Budget resources, public infrastructure projects – especially traffic-related ones – that require large capital have been opened up to private investment, mostly under the Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) model.
Under this model, the private developer responsible for construction and operation of a project is entitled to revenues generated by the project for a certain period. After this period, which is calculated to ensure the investor gets back the original investment, the project comes under public administration.
However, many BOT projects have generated controversy, disgruntlement and protests. Opponents have slammed high toll rates, inappropriate locations, lack of transparency and corruption.
According to the PPP department’s report, there are 88 toll booths on national roads across the country. Of these, 73 booths – 56 active and 17 yet to operate – are under the management of the ministry. The remaining 15 – 11 active and four slated to open under ongoing projects – are managed by provincial People’s Committees.
The majority of the toll booths, 58, lie more than 70km away from the nearest one, as per the minimum distance requirement set out in a circular by Ministry of Finance (MoF). Ten booths are only 60-70km from the nearest one on the same road, while 20 are less than 60km from their nearest neighbours.
To resolve issues related to these booths, there needs to be “consensus” between the MoT and the provincial people’s committee, with the MoF making the final decision, the report says.
It also says that after inspections by the National Assembly, the booths having issues have been divided into three types.
The first one comprises three toll booths to recoup capital for constructing bypasses.
The second type has six booths on main roads aiming to recoup investment in constructing and upgrading of the main road and its bypass.
The third type has six booths erected on national roads, the purpose of which is to recover capital spent on building expressways and upgrading parallel national roads (National Road 6, National Road 3, Bac Giang – Lang Son section of National Road 1, and National Road 5).
The installation of booths under the first category was in line with the law at that time, but they are no longer “appropriate,” the report says. These booths have attracted widespread public complaints.
“To solve this issue, the government can choose to buy these booths but, with the current budgetary constraints, it is not a feasible option,” it says.
For the second category of problematic toll booths, the two options are to end them completely or relocate them to the bypass roads.
“However, with the latter measure, the investors might not get back their capital investment in time and their debts might become bad debts, and then the government will have to step in to buy the whole project, which could total VNĐ8.5 trillion (US$374.26 million).
The same goes for the first measure,” a PPP department representative said, adding that removal of two toll booths on National Road 5 alone would cost the government VNĐ16 trillion ($704.5 million).
For the third type, the department has suggested that the Mot report to the Government on maintaining the locations of such tollbooths, citing feasible financial plans.
The department has suggested that higher authorities “raise awareness” on this issue so as to “create consensus among the public”, and avoid the controversies seen in recent times.
